Overview
This is a highly significant secret image (hibutsu) of wooden sculpture, dating to the early Heian Period. It is enshrined as the principal deity in Miroku-do (the shrine hall) at Jison-in Temple in Kudoyama Town, Wakayama Prefecture. Legend holds that after the passing of Atō-shi, mother of Kōbō Daishi Kūkai, Kūkai carved and installed this statue of Miroku Bosatsu to pray for his mother’s rebirth in a pure land. Today, it is carefully preserved as a “secret image,” which is only opened to the public once every 21 years.
Historical Background
Jison-in Temple was established by Kūkai when he founded Koyasan. It served both as the main entrance and the administrative center for the burgeoning temple complex. At that time, women were prohibited from entering Koyasan, so Kūkai’s mother spent her later years in this location at the foot of the mountain. The statue is believed to have been created during the early Heian Period (late 9th century). Due to its history—specifically, the deep faith his mother held for Miroku Bosatsu—it has been revered as either a manifestation of her own spirit or as the primary deity of Tōitsu Heaven, where she was said to pass into rebirth. The site is also recognized as part of the UNESCO World Heritage Site, “Sacred Sites and Pilgrimage Routes in the Kii Mountain Range.”
Features and Appeal
This sculpture is considered one of the masterpieces of Buddhist statuary from the early Heian Period. Its greatest appeal lies in its majestic presence and powerful energy.
- Substantial Form: The statue exhibits a robust physique and a stable, widely seated posture characteristic of early Heian sculptures, conveying immense spiritual dignity.
- Detailed Drapery Folds: The clothing folds (emon) feature the Honpashi-ki Emon (literally “wave pattern drapery”), which shows powerful carving lines resembling waves rolling in and out. This style strongly reflects the artistic conventions of the period.
- Mysterious Expression: Its narrow, deep-set eyes and gently closed mouth convey a unique expression. It holds both an overwhelming solemnity and a profound compassion that seems to encompass everything.
- Preservation: Because it was kept within a reliquary for many years as a secret image, its condition is exceptionally well preserved. This allows the delicate carving details and artistic beauty of the time period to be vividly transmitted to modern viewers.
Source: Excerpted from the National Designated Cultural Properties Database (https://kunishitei.bunka.go.jp/bsys/index)